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then Eq. (3)becomes
equation(4)
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At the entrance or exit, the boundary condition for Δφ is n·∇(Δφ)=0, where n is the normal vector of the boundary; however, at the vessel wall, Δφ=0.
In addition to the frequency encoding phase, there are two kinds of phase that NVP-TAE684 are accumulated. One of them (φpe) is encoded by the phase-encoding gradient Gpe and represents the coordinate of the phase-encoding direction. The second phase (φnc) is caused by uncompensated or imperfectly compensated gradients in the frequency-encoding and slice-select directions. Note that since the uncompensated phase in the phase-encoding direction is proportional to the phase-encoding gradient (or ky), taxis will cause misregistration, not dephasing, after the Fourier transform. Ideally there would be no flow-related phase effects, and φnc would be 0 in the FOV.
2.3. Misregistration
Assuming that the x-axis is one of the two Fourier-encoding directions, the phase difference (misregistration) resulting from the flow motion in the x-direction is